The author studies the names that the Basque people have received throughout history. The most ancient name is "vascones". Thereafter, the terms "Vasco", "bascongado" or "vascongado" have been used. "Basquenz" or "vascuence" were used to refer to the language. To ask if somebody spoke Basque, one asked if somebody was "vascongado". The terms "vizcaíno", "vasco" or "basko" were also used. The use of "euskaldun", "euskotar", etc is also analysed. The author considers that "Euskadi" (the Basque Country) is a Basque neologism