The objective of the present work is to collect Wilhelm von Humboldt´s observations on the "Basque nation" and to interpret them as a whole and from the general framework of his thinking. In order to do so, the author deals at length with his anthropologic interest on the "nation of the Basques" and on the "national language of the Basques". In this context "nation" means, above all, " linguistic community" for Wilhelm von Humboldt.